Eye twitching in one eye is usually benign and often related to fatigue, stress, lack of sleep, or excessive caffeine consumption. In these cases, the eyelid twitching is generally temporary and resolves on its own.
However, when the twitching is persistent or begins to affect other muscles on the same side of the face, it could be associated with a condition called hemifacial spasm. This disorder occurs when the facial nerve is irritated or compressed, typically by contact with a blood vessel at the base of the brain.
If the twitching is frequent, progressive, or affects other areas of the face, it is advisable to consult a neurosurgeon for a proper evaluation to determine the cause.